Bangladesh Power Transmission and Distribution Line Privatization Plan

Bangladesh Power Transmission and Distribution System Planned to Operate through Private Ownership.

National electricity transmission and distribution line going to the private sector As a result, the private sector is also involved with the transmission system after the production of electricity. In the meantime, plans have been made to construct two transmission lines through the private sector.

Besides, the government has set a target of investing more than 4.5 billion taka by 2040 in private power sector. In this case, new investors will be given preference.

History of Electricity in Bangladesh

Bangladesh: Developing every day every moment

History of First Electricity Uses in Dhaka even Bangladesh:

Bangladesh borne in 1971, but electricity utilization started in this region as a part of India before creation Bangladesh. First electricity switched on 7 December 1901 in Ahsan Monjeel, the residence of the Nawab of Dhaka. Latter on Dhanmondi powerhouse was set up and the journey of commercial distribution started in 1930.

Brief History of Electricity In Bangladesh:

Up to the partition of the country and independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, electricity generation and distribution was authorized by some private companies in this region. Electricity facility was limited within 17 provincial district urban area and of course only for nighttime. Total power generation capacity was then only 21 MW for East Pakistan; the most privileged Dhaka city used two 1500kW generators to supply electricity.

To improve the power supply situation, the government of Pakistan created Electricity Directorate in 1948 and issued an ordinance in 1959 to form WAPDA (Water And Power Development Authority) to take over all electrical systems from the private sector to the Government sector. As a result, this organization got more autonomy and basic infrastructure developed during this time. From 1960 to 1970 power generation increased from 88MW to 475MW, Dhaka-Chittagong 132kV transmission line network, shiddirgonj, Khulna, Chittagong power plant and Kaptai dam started.

After independence of Bangladesh in 1972, the government realized to boost up the power sector and create BPDB (Bangladesh Power Development Board). The achievement the highlight of BPDB considering time period from 1972 to 1995 is: power generation capacity 2818 MW; high voltage transmission line network 132 kV 2469 km & 230 kV 419 km; highest voltage 230kV capacity transmission line of the country East-west (Tongi-Ishurdi) interconnector is switched on in December 1982. BPDB created an electricity facility in most of the district city area, but the government had to make sense that for developing the whole country electricity need in a rural area, especially for irrigation. 

So, the government created REB (Rural Electrification Board) in October 1977 who works for electrification in a rural area all over the country through PBS (Palli Bidyut Samity) except major district towns.

To segregate electric supply within Dhaka city from the jurisdiction of BPDB, DESA (Dhaka Electric Supply Authority) was created in 1992, but in latter DESA abolished and formed two company DESCO (Dhaka Electric Supply Company) and DPDC (Dhaka Power Distribution Company). 

Not only for Dhaka but also to improve consumer services and reduce losses for all over the country government rearranged and created different companies and organizations in the power sector many times. The major company and organization under the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resource in Bangladesh is as below:

List of Electricity Utility Organizations in Bangladesh:

BERC (Bangladesh Power Regulatory Commission)

BPDB (Bangladesh Power Development Board)

APSCL ( Ashuganj Power Station Company Limited)

EGCB (Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh)

NWPGCL (North-West Power Generation Company Limited)

IPP (Independent Power Producer)

RPCL (Rural Power Company Limited)

PGCB (Power Grid Company of Bangladesh)

DPDC (Dhaka Power Distribution Company Ltd)

DESCO (Dhaka Power Supply Company Ltd)

WZPDCL (West Zone Power Distribution Company Ltd)

SZPDCL (South Zone Power Distribution Company Ltd)

BREB (Rural Electrification Board)

PBS ( Palli Bidyut Samity)

INDUSTRIAL LABOUR AND GENERAL LAWS: CONSTRUCTION PROJECT IN BANGLADESH

 

Who will ensure the Industrial Labour Laws for Construction Labor at Site

To ensure the industrial labour laws for employee of construction industry should follow the general laws as, the Service Provider must include for the provision of all necessary supervisory skilled and unskilled labour for erecting, testing and commissioning the works, together with all necessary transport, accommodation where required and other services to support his supervisory and labour force to meet the specified work completion. A staff tree of the Service Provider’s site organization for carrying out the agreed work should be set out in the schedules. The Service Providers forecast site staffing levels are to be submitted in a bar chart showing the duration of stay of each member. This bar chart will not form any limiting factor on the quantities of staff to be provided.

How Labour Facilities Denoted in Employer- Contractor Agreement

The Agreement Terms and Condition between Employer and Service Provider found in a sample case-study on construction industry as below:

Living Accommodation Commandments for Site Labour

The Employer will not provide any housing accommodation for the Service Provider’s expatriate staff and the cost of these should be deemed to be included in the contract sum.

Storage and Working Areas Rules

The Service Provider should negotiate for and make payment for the lease of land for his site operation to include offices and equipment storage.

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Office Accommodation Guidelines

The Service Provider is to provide such temporary building as may be necessary for office accommodation for his site staff and the Engineer’s representative or representatives of the employer during the erection of the works.

Health Regulations

All Service Providers' employees should comply with the appropriate International Health Regulations and any local health regulations which may apply from time to time in Bangladesh.

Service Provider’s Employees

The Service Provider and all persons employed by him on the site in or about the execution of the works should conform in all respects with the provisions of all acts and orders, and regulations made by competent authority that should be applicable to the works or any temporary works and will be binding upon the service provider or persons employed as aforesaid and in particular, but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing such matters as concerns the safety, health or welfare of persons working on the site. And the Engineer may require the immediate removal from site of any person who in the opinion of the Engineer fails properly to observe the provisions of this Clause and such person should not be employed again in the works without the permission of the Engineer.

The provision of this Clause should apply to and be binding upon any sub-Service Provider employed by the Service Provider for any part of the works on the site and the persons employed by such sub-service provider and the service provider should secure that proper and adequate provisions to this end are included in the sub-contract.

Identification of Service Provider’s Employees, Vehicles and Camps

The Service Provider should provide each of his employees and his sub-service provider’s employees with a suitable badge bearing the name or initials of the service provider. Each employee should wear his badge upon his person while at work on the site in such a manner that it will be plainly visible as a means of identification. All vehicles used by the service provider or his sub-service provider on the work should be clearly marked with the service provider’s or sub-service provider’s business name. The service provider’s camps, storage, depots and other facilities should also be clearly identified.

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What Should General Character of Workmen be

The Service Provider should employ only persons who are competent to perform the work assigned to them and in the case of skilled laborers, only those who are adequately trained and experienced in their respective trades and who do satisfactory work.

Whenever the Employer notify the Service Provider that any person on the work is, in his opinion, incompetent, unfaithful, or disorderly, or who uses threatening or abusive language to any person representing the Engineer or Employer, such person should be immediately discharged from the work and should not be re-employed thereon except with the consent of the Employer.

Particular attention is drawn to the fact that entry into Bangladesh is the subject of restriction. All new entrants are currently required to be in possession of visas and entry permits. However entry requirements may change from time to time and the Service Provider should be obliged to check and ensure that all his expatriate staff complies with these requirements.

Rules to Use Local Sub-Service Providers

It is considered important to encourage and develop the skill of Bangladesh Service Providers and to help to achieve this development of local expertise the Service Provider should place sub-contracts for erection work, cable installation and termination with approved Bangladesh Service Providers.

A list of approved local Service Providers can be obtained from Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC) Ltd, Dhaka Electric Supply Company (DESCO) Ltd, and Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB). The Service Provider should provide the minimum number of expatriate Engineers and skilled workers as may be deemed necessary to ensure satisfactory and timely completion of the works in accordance with the Master Program.

CONSIDERING CLIMATIC CONDITION IN BANGLADESH TO PERFORM A PROJECT

Prediction to Nature

Why Climatic Condition is Necessary to Plan a Project?

The climatic condition is major considering issue to implement an outdoor project- like underground or submarine power transmission cable line in specified time period keeping project cost within a budget frame. Regional weather conditions affect the technology and engineering design, performance of the plant and of course implementing cost and project management.

The intent of this article to consider the climatic condition in Bangladesh particularly implement the high voltage and medium voltage underground and submarine power transmission cable line project in capital city Dhaka and costal city Chittagong.

 

The presenting the weather condition will help to understand the level of weather impact on time scheduling, risk managing, costing and budgeting the project; professional can use this data to eliminate or reduce the impact of weather.

Climatic Data for Bangladesh

Bangladesh experiences tropical hot, wet and dry climate. Whole the year, distinguished six seasons, but factors will affect for project implements are southwest monsoon with heavy rainfall, tropical storm with heavy thunder and wind, common tornados; also considerable hot & dry, and cold weather for project management.

 

History of Rainfall in Dhaka City

The area is close to sea level and is in a tropical climate. The ambient temperature variation is between 5^oC and 40^0C with periods of high humidity.

 

The area is designated a zone of moderate intensity for earthquakes and costal cyclone. The seismic factor is 0.15g.

 

Atmospheric pollution is mid-level and special insulator design or washing is not required. The area is subject to high winds of typhoon strength. The average climatic conditions  in Bangladesh is as below:

 

Maximum ambient shade temperature : 40^o C

Minimum ambient shade temperature : 50 ^oC

Maximum daily average temperature : 35 ^oC

Maximum annual average temperature : 25 ^oC

Maximum wind velocity (3 second gust) : 160 Km/h

Minimum wind velocity for line rating purposes : 1.6/3.2 Km/h (33/132kV)

Solar radiation : 100mW/sq. cm

Rainfall : 2.5 m/annum

Relative humidity, maximum : 100%

Average : 80%

Altitude : less than 150m

(No ice or snow expected)

Atmospheric Pollution : mid-level

Soil type : alluvial

Soil temperature (at 1.1m) : 30 ^oC

Soil thermal resistivity : 1.50C m/w

Isokeraunic Level (Thunderstorm days) : 80

Southwest Monsoon with Heavy Rain

Southwest Monsoon is main unfaberable season for outdoor works in Bangladesh due to continuous heavy to very heavy rainfall, flash flood and natural calamity etc. This occurs from June to until September.

 

Most of the rural are goes under water and in urban area authority does not allow to construction work in public space like road cutting for cable trench, sewerage or water line.

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Tropical Storms and Heavy Thunder

Tropical summer storms come with heavy strong wind, sometime turns into tornado without any notice. This storms not continue for long time, just for a portion of a day. From April to June this happen each year in Bangladesh.

 

Outdoor construction works may hamper and some accident may occur by falling or propelling materials due to heavy wind.

 

To perform an operation in tower or over the land level for hoisting and lifting in the stormy season, necessary arrangement must take to tackle the risk.

Common Tornados in Bangladesh

Tornados are very much common natural disaster in Bangladesh. Long coastal area including Chittagong are affected each year several times by tornadoes and cyclones.

 

During cyclones most of the coastal area affected by high tides and flash floods, damage to housing and infrastructure from stronger winds and storm surge.

 

Roads and communication system may shutdown temporarily for some remote area. Due to flood water in low-land, project may need re-scheduling to complete the work.

Hot and Dry Weather

Sometime the summer come with very hot and dry weather that causes very difficult outdoor work for worker and need midday break what major pose for construction work. Hot and dry weather causes of formation hues dust and dirt, equipment and machinery may malfunction or damage.  

 

Sophisticated cable jointing works may become difficult to keep the jointing vicinity dust free, humidity and ambient temperature controlled. Some metallic and electronic measuring equipment and tools may give error in their calibration due to outdoor hot temperature.

 

In high temperature causes reduce the elasticity of some materials and  hardware may show errors in measurement due to expansion for increased temperature.

 

Due to dry temperature lack of moisture may cause unexpected effect for building or jointing materials.

Hot and dry weather may need extra doses of water for masonry works.

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Cold Weather

There is no history to ice or snow in Bangladesh, temperature never goes below 5^o C, temperature range in winter from December to February 10^oC to 181^oC which is very comfortable to outdoor works.

 

Sometime weather goes foggy in morning that causes bad-traffic in roads and delay to reach workstation.

Engineering and Technology Selection Considering Climatic Parameters

Considering the factors of climate, local weather and variation of its seasonal characteristics, the equipment and tools group selection need picture-perfect. 

Engineering and technology selection to perform the project implementation, climatic information will leads to seamless economic decision. Bearing the weather conditions and making necessary arrangements always possible to reduce time consuming, loss & injury.

 

Weather is always around us, we cannot keep it away, but we can manage our project scientifically and technologically that become weather-friendly.

Colour of Nature

The Beauty of Nature and it's Various color

This is the beauty of krishnachura in this summer here in Bangladesh,  you find this heart-touching beauty in this time any where in the country.

Six seasoned Bangladesh decorates with various colour to make happy and joyful us. Nature have a hella engineering plan to entertain every creature on this universe. We see various color in different places to fulfill natural requirements.

Nature selection is very much scientific, organized as different purpose and maximum usable way.

There is some deep thinking and researching materials for intelligent .

Beautiful Bangladesh 

Missing Profession

Which Profession Missing From Us?

Some ancient professions are missing out,  one of them is shown in the picture.

Technology developing day by day and lifestyle changing very first. Who can not synchronizing with rapid change they are missing from the race of life.

If we look 20 years behind,  these type of people were easily able to earn their lives. But today they are backdated, it's very hard to earn daily needs. All are changing but nobody talking any initiative here in Bangladesh to modernize this profession.

But if these people get  chance to proper training to establish modern snake farm and collecting snake poison, they also can take important role of annual growth.

Actually anywhere,  everyone has potential; needs only initiative to apply technique and knowledge.

Women Playing with Cobra for Earning Food