History of Electricity in Bangladesh

Bangladesh: Developing every day every moment

History of First Electricity Uses in Dhaka even Bangladesh:

Bangladesh borne in 1971, but electricity utilization started in this region as a part of India before creation Bangladesh. First electricity switched on 7 December 1901 in Ahsan Monjeel, the residence of the Nawab of Dhaka. Latter on Dhanmondi powerhouse was set up and the journey of commercial distribution started in 1930.

Brief History of Electricity In Bangladesh:

Up to the partition of the country and independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, electricity generation and distribution was authorized by some private companies in this region. Electricity facility was limited within 17 provincial district urban area and of course only for nighttime. Total power generation capacity was then only 21 MW for East Pakistan; the most privileged Dhaka city used two 1500kW generators to supply electricity.

To improve the power supply situation, the government of Pakistan created Electricity Directorate in 1948 and issued an ordinance in 1959 to form WAPDA (Water And Power Development Authority) to take over all electrical systems from the private sector to the Government sector. As a result, this organization got more autonomy and basic infrastructure developed during this time. From 1960 to 1970 power generation increased from 88MW to 475MW, Dhaka-Chittagong 132kV transmission line network, shiddirgonj, Khulna, Chittagong power plant and Kaptai dam started.

After independence of Bangladesh in 1972, the government realized to boost up the power sector and create BPDB (Bangladesh Power Development Board). The achievement the highlight of BPDB considering time period from 1972 to 1995 is: power generation capacity 2818 MW; high voltage transmission line network 132 kV 2469 km & 230 kV 419 km; highest voltage 230kV capacity transmission line of the country East-west (Tongi-Ishurdi) interconnector is switched on in December 1982. BPDB created an electricity facility in most of the district city area, but the government had to make sense that for developing the whole country electricity need in a rural area, especially for irrigation. 

So, the government created REB (Rural Electrification Board) in October 1977 who works for electrification in a rural area all over the country through PBS (Palli Bidyut Samity) except major district towns.

To segregate electric supply within Dhaka city from the jurisdiction of BPDB, DESA (Dhaka Electric Supply Authority) was created in 1992, but in latter DESA abolished and formed two company DESCO (Dhaka Electric Supply Company) and DPDC (Dhaka Power Distribution Company). 

Not only for Dhaka but also to improve consumer services and reduce losses for all over the country government rearranged and created different companies and organizations in the power sector many times. The major company and organization under the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resource in Bangladesh is as below:

List of Electricity Utility Organizations in Bangladesh:

BERC (Bangladesh Power Regulatory Commission)

BPDB (Bangladesh Power Development Board)

APSCL ( Ashuganj Power Station Company Limited)

EGCB (Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh)

NWPGCL (North-West Power Generation Company Limited)

IPP (Independent Power Producer)

RPCL (Rural Power Company Limited)

PGCB (Power Grid Company of Bangladesh)

DPDC (Dhaka Power Distribution Company Ltd)

DESCO (Dhaka Power Supply Company Ltd)

WZPDCL (West Zone Power Distribution Company Ltd)

SZPDCL (South Zone Power Distribution Company Ltd)

BREB (Rural Electrification Board)

PBS ( Palli Bidyut Samity)

Why Purge System Is Required For Refrigerant and How Does It Operate in Chiller Compressor

Fig: Refrigerant Purging System Diagram

Why Purge System Is Required For Refrigerant and How Does It Operate in Chiller Compressor

Purge operation system for refrigerant in chiller compressor is carry-out to remove air and moisture; 

Air-Cooled Reciprocating Chiller Troubleshooting Manual

Troubleshooting Manual for Air-Cooled Reciprocating Liquid Chillers

To prevent potential damages the HVAC equipment preventive maintenance is essential. Operation breakdown frequency may reduce-able, but not bring-down a zero-level. 

During breakdown a piece of equipment, you troubleshooter need specific manufacturer troubleshooting guide or manual.

Screw Type Air-Cooled and Water-Cooled Chiller Troubleshooting Manuals

Troubleshooting Manual for Air-Cooled and Water-Cooled Screw Chillers

To prevent screw type air-cooled and water-cooled chiller from potential damages there is now alternate way without preventive maintenance of equipment. You can reduce the unavoidable operation breakdown frequency, but may not bring-down a zero-level. 

During breakdown an equipment, you troubleshooter need specific manufacturer troubleshooting guide or manual.

This manual is for your screw type air-cooled and water-cooled chillers' controls sturt-up, operation, service and troubleshooting  manual that contains instruction for carrier screw chillers, 30GXN, R080-528; 30HXA, HXC076-271. 

The troubleshooting full 140 pages manual in pdf copy is available for download in link below:

DOWNLOAD

Control start-Up, Operation, Service and Troubleshooting: Carrier

You may download the wiring schematic line diagram for air-cooled screw carrier chiller from link below:

DOWNLOAD

Sponsored:

Green Electricity for Future Generation

What would be the Future Generation Green Electricity, Should be thinking today.

We, everyone aware our primary methods of electricity generation are harming our environment seriously. So it’s time to thinking for an alternative power source.

A large huge of power generation, thermal-based facilities are using coal, oil or gas which cause of the leading source of carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide is affecting our greenhouse gas which directly linked to climate change. Thermal or Fossil fuel-based electricity generation is also a major source of nitrogen-oxides, sulphur-dioxide, and heavy metal- mercury, lead, and cadmium etc emission into the environment and gives rise to respiratory diseases.

 Thermal power plant leaves ash & smoke is pouring negative impact on local ecosystems, nuclear power leaves a legacy of radioactive waste for future generations and posing potential safety hazards today.

Alternative Source of Electricity:

Green electricity may come from blending wind, harvesting sunlight, beating tidal waves, collecting geothermal, regional low-impact hydropower and many other renewable energy sources. All the above green electricity generating systems are cleanest and ecologically friendly, producing no emissions that contribute to air pollution or greenhouse gases. Eco-friendly Green Electricity must meet the range the environmental criteria and losses no biodiversity.

How go to a greener future?

To be sure, challenges exist and therefore the targets are ambitious. Still, the reports all conclude that the technology exists for the planet to transition to a totally sustainable energy system by 2050, which should keep the earth below the 1.5° Paris heating target.

Mitigating the impact of global climate change means fewer floods, storms, droughts and other extremes caused by warming temperatures.

It could also mean less pollution. Nine out of each 10 people on the earth breathe polluted air, consistent with the planet Health Organization, which may cause respiratory diseases, heart conditions, strokes and other life-threatening diseases.

Pollution, largely from burning fossil fuels, kills up to seven million people annually, with low and middle-income countries carrying the very best burden. This includes exposure to toxic fumes from using wood, coal or dung because of the primary cooking fuel.

A future powered by wind, solar and other sustainable energy sources, could also reduce energy bills. the prices of manufacturing wind and solar have plummeted in recent years and renewables remain on track to outprice fossil fuels in future.

Initiative for Clean or Green Electricity:

The respective authority should take initiative to make it easy for our home or business with green electricity as well as grid power. It must be available and reachable for mass people to purchase a suitable unit. Authority may provide the facility to the customers to provide critical financial support or voluntarily paying a premium to new renewable green energy project development. 

We locally have remained a lot of work to generate social awareness to reduce our home's or business' electricity-related environmental impact. We need a clear and strong understanding that using clean or green electricity we are helping to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, to keeping our globe safe and green for the future generation.

Standard Colour Code for Electrical Power Cable and Wiring

Basic Colour Code for Electrical Cable and Power Cable 

International standard IEC 60446 developed basic and safety principles for man-machine interface by marking and identification of electrical cabling and wiring system. 

Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors define basic safety principles for identifying electrical conductors by colours or numerals, for example in electricity distribution wiring.

Basic Color Code for Power Cable

The electrical power cabling system contains phases, neutral and earthing. To make sure a uniquely safe and easy identifying system some colour code system is followed internationally. 

Different region or country to country colour code may vary, but the basic is similar. The basic colour for phase is/or Read, Yellow, Blue; Neutral is/or Black, Blue, silver; Earthing is/or Green, Green-Yellow striped. 

For current flowing, it does not affect at all but makes it easier and safer for the crew.

Basic House and Industrial wiring colour code

Electrical wire is standard colour coding so that each wire is used or identified to identify what is in the circuit. Wires in India RGB mode is Red (Red) - Green (Green) - Black (Black). Here the function and importance of each RGB wire are different.

Red  - Red is a symbol of a wire face (Phase), in an electric circuit. This wire is the live wire which cannot be connected to any other red wire or black wire. The red wire is used in some types of switch legs. Switch leg is the wire that comes from the terminal below the switch, which heats up when the switch is switched on. This is the leg that turns off the load.

Black - Black wire is the Neutral wire of an electric circuit. This neutral wire is connected to a neutral bus bar inside an electrical panel. The bus bar is a conductive metal bar that attracts electric current for the purpose of distribution. The black wire can only be connected to the black wire, and not to any coloured wire. This earth wire or Neutral wire is not neutral due to its neutrality. It mainly takes unbalanced load ie to return current. This return current is not used and moves to the electric panel/board.

Green  - Green wire is grounding in an electric circuit. The green wire can only be connected to the green wire, no other wire. Usually grounding is not for wire lights and fans. Green wires are mainly used for socket purpose such as AC, Geyser, TV, Microwave, etc. Normally the switch has only 2 wires, neutral and phase.

U.S. Wire Colour Codes

The United States typically use the power cable wiring colour code as below:

For 120/208/240 VOLT AC WIRE or cable COLOURS

These systems are common in home and office environments.

1. Phase 1 - Black;
2. Phase 2 - Red;
3. Phase 3 - Blue;
4. Neutral - White; &
5. Ground - Green, Green with Yellow Stripe, or Bare Wire.

For 277/480 VOLT AC WIRE COLOURS
These higher-voltage systems are common for industrial motors and equipment.

1. Phase 1 - Brown;
2. Phase 2 - Orange;
3. Phase 3 - Yellow;
4. Neutral - Gray; &
5. Ground - Green, Green with Yellow Stripe, or Bare Wire.

For DC POWER WIRE COLORS
Solar power systems and many battery systems use DC (direct current) power, rather than AC (alternating current).

1. Positive (non-ground) - Red;
2. Negative (non-ground) - Black; &
3. Ground - White or Gray.

CANADIAN WIRE COLOUR CODES FOR AC POWER

In Canada, they use different colour code for electrical wire and wiring as per the Canadian Electric Code (CEC). The colour code for AC power wiring is similar to the code used in the United States like-

1. Phase 1 - Red;
2. Phase 2 - Black;
3. Phase 3 - Blue;
4. Neutral - White; &
5. Ground - Green with Yellow Stripe.

EUROPEAN (IEC) WIRE COLOR CODES

Sponsored:

Most European countries follow the wire or wiring colour code established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) which is published as IEC 60446 and  IEC 60445 in 2010 for AC branch circuits. The European wiring colour code is as below:

1. Phase 1 - Brown;
2. Phase 2 - Black;
3. Phase 3 - Grey;
4. Neutral - Blue; &
5. Ground - Green with Yellow Stripe.

Actually, the colour codes used for wires or wiring may vary. In some countries they used the colour code as per their specified local law; some countries are followed the international colour code. The user just needs to know the local practice to ensure electrical safety and correct wiring.

Bluehost Best Web Hosting Special

Know what is special in Bluehost

Bluehost is a web hosting company that is known for providing various hosting services and solutions. It's one of the largest and most well-known web hosting companies in the industry. Here are some features and aspects that were considered special about Bluehost:

WordPress Hosting: Bluehost is officially recommended by WordPress.org for hosting WordPress websites. They offer specialized WordPress hosting plans tailored for optimal performance and security for WordPress sites.

Ease of Use: Bluehost provides an intuitive user interface and control panel, making it relatively easy for beginners to set up and manage their websites without extensive technical knowledge.

Customer Support: Bluehost is often praised for its customer support, which includes live chat, phone, and email support. Their support team is known for being responsive and helpful.

Reliability: Bluehost has a reputation for providing reliable hosting services with relatively good uptime and server performance. This is important to ensure that your website remains accessible to visitors.

Shared Hosting: Bluehost offers shared hosting plans that are often affordable and suitable for small to medium-sized websites. This makes it a popular choice for individuals, bloggers, and small businesses.

Free Domain: Many of Bluehost's hosting plans include a free domain name for the first year, which can be a cost-saving feature for new website owners.

Security Features: Bluehost provides security features such as SSL certificates, secure FTP, and site backup options to help protect your website and user data.

Scalability: While Bluehost is popular among smaller websites, it also offers more advanced hosting options like VPS (Virtual Private Server) and dedicated hosting for websites that need more resources and customization.

Integration with Services: Bluehost integrates well with various services and applications, including content management systems (like WordPress), eCommerce platforms, and more, making it easier to create and manage different types of websites.

Money-Back Guarantee: Bluehost typically offers a 30-day money-back guarantee, allowing you to try out their services and get a refund if you're not satisfied.

Please note that the hosting industry is constantly evolving, and new features or changes may have occurred since my last update. It's always a good idea to visit Bluehost's official website or consult recent reviews to get the most up-to-date information about their offerings and features.

If you are about to start a new blog, then I will adjust to you so that you will get their basic plan, it will be cheaper and later when your site starts having 5 to 10000 visits monthly then you can switch to their bigger plan.

Bluehost Feature 

Bluehost is a popular web hosting company that provides hosting services for websites. Here are some key points about Bluehost:

Web hosting services: Bluehost offers a range of hosting services, including shared hosting, WordPress hosting, VPS hosting, and dedicated hosting. They provide reliable hosting infrastructure and a user-friendly interface.

WordPress recommended host: Bluehost is one of the officially recommended hosting providers by WordPress.org. They offer specialized WordPress hosting plans optimized for performance and security, making it easy to set up and manage a WordPress website.

One-click WordPress installation: Bluehost simplifies the process of setting up a WordPress website. With their one-click WordPress installation, you can quickly get your website up and running without any technical knowledge or complex setup.

Domain registration: Bluehost allows you to register a domain name for your website directly through their platform. They offer a wide range of domain extensions, making it convenient to manage both your hosting and domain in one place.

Website builder and templates: Bluehost provides a website builder tool that allows you to create a website using pre-designed templates and a drag-and-drop interface. This can be useful for beginners who want to build a website without coding knowledge.

Reliable performance: Bluehost has a reputation for offering reliable uptime and fast loading speeds. Their hosting infrastructure is designed to handle high levels of traffic and ensure a smooth user experience for your website visitors.

Security features: Bluehost includes various security features to protect your website from malware and other threats. They offer free SSL certificates, daily backups, and advanced security options to enhance the safety of your website.

Customer support: Bluehost offers 24/7 customer support via live chat, phone, and email. Their support team can assist you with technical issues, account management, and general inquiries.

Additional features and integrations: Bluehost provides additional features like email hosting, e-commerce functionality, marketing tools, and integration with popular content management systems and applications.

It's important to note that while Bluehost is a popular hosting provider, there are other alternatives available in the market. Before choosing a web hosting provider, consider your specific needs, budget, and the requirements of your website. Compare features, pricing, performance, and customer reviews to make an informed decision.

Do Paid Traffic helpful to get Adsense Approval?

How to impact the Paid Traffic for Google Adsense?

Have you applied for AdSense for your blogger, WordPress, or youtube channel many times but not gotten approval? So here we will talk about some Adsense approval tricks in Hindi with a full guide, following which you will get the approval of a hundred percent AdSense.

How to get Google Adsense Approval, here we will first talk about how to get AdSense approval for your blog or website, below are some steps that are being told in Hindi, which you should read carefully and follow it.

Do not take Paid traffic to get Adsense approval

Google does not like paid traffic at all, and paid traffic is coming to your site, Google immediately understands this and then it becomes difficult for you to get AdSense approval.


The traffic that comes from search is very important for you, due to this the authority of your domain and page increases miraculously, and then approval is also given immediately.

You can share your post on your social media account, which gives your site a little boost, for this you can also put social media sharing button on your site so that your visitors can share your post through that button.


Whether you are on Blogger or use a word-level top word domain, many people use blogger-only blog post free domain on Blogger.


And many people get approval on the block post domain also, but it also takes more hard work and chances are less. If you have to blog for a long time, then take the top-level domain.

AdSense approval Trick 2023

1. Writing posts on new topics, article length 500 to 1500 words, 20 articles is enough to apply AdSense.

2. Make pages or contact us about our disclaimer privacy policy.

3. Except for the concern of organic traffic, focusing only on quality content, organic traffic is not necessary for AdSense approval.

4. After applying AdSense, keep posting daily, and do not copy pests.

5. Own. Make the site design mobile-friendly and user-friendly.

Please read the Terms and Conditions once before applying.

So here we have got information about the AdSense approval trick, you will definitely get AdSense approval by following the above-mentioned things, after getting approval, please tell us by commenting below in this post.

And if you have not yet created your blog, then make your new blog by watching the video given below.